
The 1976 Masters Tournament was the 40th Masters Tournament, held April 8–11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.

The 1976 NCAA Division I Golf Championship was the 38th annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf at the University Division level in the United States.

The 1976 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament was the seventh annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's college volleyball. The tournament was played at Irving Gymnasium at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana.

The 1976 NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship was the eighth annual NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship to determine the national champion of NCAA men's college water polo. Tournament matches were played at the Belmont Plaza Pool in Long Beach, California during December 1976.

The 1976 NCAA Skiing Championships were contested at Sunday River ski area, near the town of Newry, Maine, at the 23rd annual NCAA-sanctioned ski tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate alpine, cross country skiing, and ski jumping in the United States.

The United States competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 396 competitors, 278 men and 118 women, took part in 189 events in 19 sports.

The United States competed at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria.

The 1976 PGA Championship was the 58th PGA Championship, played August 12–16 at Congressional Country Club in Bethesda, Maryland, a suburb northwest of Washington, D.C. Held six weeks following the United States Bicentennial, it was the second major at Congressional; the U.S. Open was conducted twelve years earlier in 1964.

The United States sent a delegation to compete at the 1976 Summer Paralympics in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Its athletes finished first in the gold and overall medal count.

The 1976 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held February 26 to March 1 at Inverrary Country Club in Lauderhill, northwest of Fort Lauderdale. This was the third Tournament Players Championship; Jack Nicklaus won his second title, three strokes ahead of runner-up J. C. Snead, similar to his 1974 win.
The 1976 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships took place between June 10–12 at Drake Stadium on the campus of University of California, Los Angeles in Westwood, California. The decathlon took place on June 25–26 at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon as part of the 1976 Olympic Trials where Bruce Jenner improved his own world record. This meet was organized by the AAU. It was the first such meet, a precedent that has been followed subsequently, where the women's division competed at the same venue concurrently with the men.

The 1976 United States Olympic Trials for track and field were held June 19–27 at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon. These were the last organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU); the Amateur Sports Act of 1978 was passed two years later which formed the new national governing body for the sport of track and field, The Athletics Congress. The 1970s was a transitional period where amateur athletes were seeking ways to be paid for their athletic efforts. Many athletes had sacrificed their eligibility to run professionally, others made the attempt and were in transition to regain their amateur status.

The 1976 U.S. Open was the 76th U.S. Open, held June 17–20 at the Highlands Course of the Atlanta Athletic Club in Duluth, Georgia, a suburb northeast of Atlanta. Tour rookie Jerry Pate won his only major championship, two strokes ahead of runners-up Al Geiberger and Tom Weiskopf.

The United States competed at the 1976 Winter Paralympics in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. One competitor, Bill Hovanic, competed in four events in two sports. He did not win a medal.

The United States competed at the 1976 World Championships in Athletics in Malmö, Sweden, on September 18, 1976. The championships consisted of one event the men's 50 kilometres walk. The USA entered 3 athletes two of whom finished and none won a medal.