
The 1901 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Michigan, Yale, and Harvard as having been selected retrospectively as national champions. Harvard beat Yale 22–0 the last game of the year.

The 1901 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various individuals who chose College Football All-America Teams for the 1901 college football season. The only two individuals who have been recognized as "official" selectors by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 1901 season are Walter Camp and Caspar Whitney, who had originated the College Football All-America Team 13 years earlier in 1889. Camp's 1901 All-America Team was published in Collier's Weekly, and Whitney's selections were published in Outing magazine.

The 1901 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations in 1901. Vanderbilt won the SIAA championship. Most said Virginia ranked best in the south. Gallaudet, a school for deaf-mutes, also claimed a championship.

The 1901 Carlisle Indians football team was an American football that represented the Carlisle Indian Industrial School as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In its third season under head coach Pop Warner, Carlisle compiled a 5–7–1 record and was outscored by a total of 168 to 134.

The 1901 Gallaudet Bison football team was an American football team that represented Gallaudet College, a school for the education of the deaf and hard of hearing located in Washington, D.C. The team competed as an independent during the 1901 college football season and compiled a 4–2–2 record, highlighted by a victory over Georgetown. The team suffered its only losses to the Carlisle Indian Industrial School and southern champion Virginia. The scoreless tie with Baltimore Medical College was at the time described by the Deaf-Mutes Journal as the "prettiest game that has been seen in Baltimore." Ely and Rosson were the team's coaches.

The 1901 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In its first season under head coach Bill Reid, the team compiled a 12–0 record, shut out nine of 12 opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 254 to 24.

The 1901 Montana football team represented the University of Montana in the 1901 college football season. They were led by second-year head coach Frank Bean, and finished the season with a record of two wins and three losses (2–3).

The 1901 Navy Midshipmen football team was an American football team that represented the United States Naval Academy as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In it first season under head coach Art Hillebrand, the team compiled a 6–4–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 113 to 81.

The 1901 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team represented the University of Nebraska in the 1901 college football season. The team was coached by second-year head coach Walter C. Booth and played their home games at Antelope Field in Lincoln, Nebraska. They competed as an independent.

The 1901 Nevada State Sagebrushers football team was an American football team that represented Nevada State University as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In its first season under head coach Allen Steckle, the team compiled a 3–3 record.

The 1901 Penn State football team was an American football that represented Pennsylvania State College—now known as Pennsylvania State University–as an independent during the 1901 college football season. The team was coached by Pop Golden and played its home games in Beaver Field in State College, Pennsylvania.

The 1901 Rutgers Queensmen football team was an American football team that represented Rutgers University as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Arthur P. Robinson, the team compiled a 0–7 record and was outscored by their opponents, 133 to 5. William B. Wyckoff was the team captain.

The Arizona State Sun Devils football team represents Arizona State University in the sport of American football. The Sun Devils team competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the South Division of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12). Arizona State University has fielded a football team since 1897. The Sun Devils are led by head coach Herm Edwards and play their home games at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona. The Sun Devils have won seventeen conference titles, including three Pac-12 titles.

The 1901 Texas A&M Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Texas A&M University as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In its third season under head coach W. A. Murray, the team compiled a 1–4 record in three games against Baylor and two games against the Texas Longhorns.

The 1901 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah Agricultural College during the 1901 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach Dick Richards, the Aggies compiled a 3–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 41 to 40.

The 1901 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 1901 college football season. Led by first year coach Westley Abbott, the team went 8–2 and claims a Southern championship.

The 1901 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in their 11th season of organized football. The Keydets went 4–3 under second-year head coach Sam Walker.

The 1901 VPI football team represented Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute in the 1901 college football season. The team was led by their head coach A. B. Morrison, Jr. and finished with a record of six wins and one loss (6–1).

The 1901 Washington football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1901 college football season. In its first season under coach Jack Wright, the team compiled a 4–3 record and outscored its opponents by a combined total of 59 to 48. Dick Huntoon was the team captain.

The 1901 Western University of Pennsylvania football team was an American football team that represented Western University of Pennsylvania as an independent during the 1901 college football season.