
The 2005 AAA Championships was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), held from 9–10 July at the Manchester Regional Arena in Manchester, England. It was considered the de facto national championships for the United Kingdom.
The Asian University Athletics Championships was an international athletics competition for student athletes from Asian countries. It was staged on one occasion in November 2005 at the Guangdong Olympic Stadium in Guangzhou, China. A total of 19 nations competed, including Russian athletes from the Far Eastern Federal University in Vladivostok.

The 2004–05 Australian Athletics Championships was the 83th edition of the national championship in outdoor track and field for Australia. It was held from 4–6 March 2005 at the Sydney Olympic Park Athletic Centre in Sydney. It served as a selection meeting for Australia at the 2005 World Championships in Athletics. The 10,000 metres event took place separately at the Zatopek 10K on 4 December 2004 at Lakeside Stadium in Melbourne. Relay events were contested in Canberra on 6 February 2005.

The 34th CARIFTA Games was held in the Dwight Yorke Stadium in Bacolet, Tobago on March 26–28, 2005. The event was relocated from the National Stadium, St. George's, Grenada, because of the aftermath of Hurricane Ivan destroying 90 percent of the island's houses. An appraisal of the results has been given.

The 2005 Central American and Caribbean Championships in athletics were held at the Thomas Robinson Stadium in Nassau, Bahamas, between 8–11 July 2005.

The 2005 Central American Junior and Youth Championships in Athletics were held at the Estadio de Atletismo del Instituto Nicaragüense de Deportes in Managua, Nicaragua, between May 21–22, 2005. Organized by the Central American Isthmus Athletic Confederation (CADICA), it was the 18th edition of the Junior (U-20) and the 13th edition of the Youth (U-18) competition. A total of 80 events were contested, 40 by boys and 40 by girls. Overall winner on points was Costa Rica.

The 5th European Athletics U23 Championships were held in Erfurt, Germany, at Steigerwaldstadion between 14–17 July 2005.
At the 2005 East Asian Games, the athletics events were held at the Estádio Campo Desportivo in Macau, People's Republic of China from 1–4 November. A total of 45 events were contested, of which 23 by male and 22 by female athletes. China easily topped the medal table, winning 26 of the 45 available gold medals and accounting for half of the total female medallists. Japan won 46 medals, 16 of them gold, while South Korea was a clear third with a total of 21 medals. No athletes from either Guam or Mongolia reached the podium.

The 2005 European Athletics Junior Championships was the 18th edition of the biennial athletics competition for European under-20 athletes, which was held in Kaunas, Lithuania on 21–24 July.

The 12th European Cross Country Championships were held at Tilburg in Netherlands on 11 December 2005. Serhiy Lebid won the men's competition for the sixth time and Lornah Kiplagat won the women's race.

The 2005 European Cup Winter Throwing was held on 12 and 13 March at Macit Özcan Sports Complex in Mersin, Turkey. It was the fifth edition of the athletics competition for throwing events organised by the European Athletics Association. A total of 174 athletes from 29 countries entered the competition. It was the first time that the competition was held with the Cup name, changing from the European Winter Throwing Challenge moniker it had since its initial edition in 2001.

The 28th European Athletics Indoor Championships were held at the Palacio de Deportes in Madrid, the capital city of Spain, from Friday, 4 March to Sunday, 6 March 2005. This was the first edition to be held in an odd year since switching to the biennial format, so as not to occur in the same as the outdoor European Athletics Championships and also recently moved IAAF World Indoor Championships. To accommodate this change, there was a two-year gap since the previous edition. It also marked the last time that the 200 metres were contested at the event.

The 2005 European Race Walking Cup was held in Miskolc, Hungary, on May 21, 2005.

Athletics at the 2005 Games of the Small States of Europe were held at the Estadi Comunal in Andorra la Vella, Andorra between 30 May – 4 June.

The 2005 German Athletics Championships were held at the Lohrheidestadion in Bochum-Wattenscheid on 2–3 July 2005.

The athletics competition at the 2005 Mediterranean Games was held in the Mediterraneo Stadium in Almería, Spain from 29 June to 2 July 2005. France topped the medal tally with 10 golds and 30 medals overall, with host nation Italy coming in second with 9 golds and 26 medals overall.

The 2005 NACAC Cross Country Championships took place on March 6, 2005. The races were held at the United States Triathlon National Training Center in Clermont, Florida, United States. A detailed report of the event was given.

At the 2005 National Games of China, the athletics events were held at the Nanjing Olympic Sports Center in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China from 17 to 22 October 2005. A total of 46 events were contested, 24 by male and 22 by female athletes. The National Games marathon race was held before the main competition, as it was incorporated into that year's Beijing Marathon on 16 October.

The 13th Pan American Junior Athletics Championships were held in Windsor, Ontario at the University of Windsor Stadium on July 29–31, 2005.

The 2005 Saint Silvester Road Race was the 81st edition of the Saint Silvester Road Race and held in São Paulo, Brazil, on December 31, 2005. The distance ran by the participating athletes was 15 km.

The 2005 South American Championships in Athletics were held at the Estadio Pascual Guerrero in Cali, Colombia from July 21 to July 24, 2005. Detailed day-by-day reports can be found on the IAAF website.

The 36th South American Junior Championships in Athletics were held at the Estadio Municipal Jorge Newbery in Rosario, Argentina from October 1–2, 2005.

The South American University Athletics Championships was an international athletics competition for student athletes from South American countries. It was staged on one occasion in May 2005 at the Estadio Modelo Alberto Spencer Herrera in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Four nations competed: Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. A total of 42 athletics events were contested, 22 by men and 20 by women. Women did not compete in the pole vault, 3000 metres steeplechase or half marathon, while the men did not compete in a combined track and field event. The host nation topped the medal table, winning 22 events and a total of 55 medals. Peru were runners-up with eleven gold medals, while Chile and Colombia finished with six and three gold medals, respectively.

The athletics events at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games were held at the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex in Malate, Manila, Philippines. The Marathon event was run from the Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard, Pasay City, Philippines on December 4, 2005.

The athletics competition in the 2005 Summer Universiade was held on the İzmir Atatürk Stadyumu in İzmir, Turkey, between 15 August and 20 August 2005.

The 10th World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), were held in the Olympic Stadium, Helsinki, Finland, the site of the first IAAF World Championships in 1983. One theme of the 2005 championships was paralympic events, some of which were included as exhibition events. Much of the event was played in extremely heavy rainfall.

The 2005 World Youth Championships in Athletics were held in Marrakesh, Morocco on July 13–July 17. The host stadium was Stade Sidi Youssef Ben Ali.