WAcrolein is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is a colorless liquid with a piercing, acrid smell. The smell of burnt fat is caused by glycerol in the burning fat breaking down into acrolein. It is produced industrially from propylene and mainly used as a biocide and a building block to other chemical compounds, such as the amino acid methionine.
WChlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity on the Pauling scale, behind only oxygen and fluorine.
WDiphenylcyanoarsine, also called Clark 2 by the Germans, was discovered in 1918 by Sturniolo and Bellinzoni and shortly thereafter used like the related Clark 1 gas by the Germans for chemical warfare in the First World War. The substance causes nausea, vomiting and headaches. It can subsequently lead to e.g. pulmonary edema.
WDiphosgene is a chemical compound with the formula ClCO2CCl3. This colorless liquid is a valuable reagent in the synthesis of organic compounds. Diphosgene is related to phosgene and has comparable toxicity, but is more conveniently handled because it is a liquid, whereas phosgene is a gas.
WDisulfur decafluoride (S2F10) is a chemical compound discovered in 1934 by Denbigh and Whytlaw-Gray. Each sulfur atom of the S2F10 molecule is octahedral, and surrounded by five fluorine atoms. S2F10 is highly toxic, with toxicity four times that of phosgene.
WEthenone is the formal name for ketene, an organic compound with formula C2H2O or H2C=C=O. It is the simplest member of the ketene class. It is a tautomer of the even less stable ethynol.
WGreen Cross (Grünkreuz) is a World War I chemical warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin, phosgene and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate.
WPerchloromethyl mercaptan is the organosulfur compound with the formula CCl3SCl. It is mainly used as an intermediate for the synthesis of dyes and fungicides (captan, folpet). It is a colorless oil, although commercial samples are yellowish. It is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. It has a foul, unbearable, acrid odor. Perchloromethyl mercaptan is the original name. The systematic name is trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride, because the compound is a sulfenyl chloride, not a mercaptan.
WPhenylcarbylamine chloride is a chemical compound that was used as a chemical warfare agent. It's an oily liquid with an onion-like odor. It is a lung irritant with lachrymatory effects.
WPhosgene is the organic chemical compound with the formula COCl2. It is a colorless gas; in low concentrations, its odor resembles that of freshly cut hay or grass. Phosgene is a valued industrial building block, especially for the production of precursors of polyurethanes and polycarbonate plastics.
WTetrachlorodinitroethane is a chlorinated nitroalkane produced by nitration of tetrachloroethylene with dinitrogen tetroxide or fuming nitric acid. It's a powerful lachrymatory agent and pulmonary agent that is six times more toxic than chloropicrin. Tetrachlorodinitroethane may be used as a fumigant.