Jerzy BahrW
Jerzy Bahr

Jerzy Artur Bahr was a Polish diplomat.

Wacław FrankowskiW
Wacław Frankowski

Wacław Frankowski ONCS was a Polish labour activist in Łódź in the interwar period, diplomat of the Polish People's Republic from 1953 to 1956.

Oskar R. LangeW
Oskar R. Lange

Oskar Ryszard Lange was a Polish economist and diplomat. He is best known for advocating the use of market pricing tools in socialist systems and providing a model of market socialism. He responded to the economic calculation problem proposed by Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek by claiming that managers in a centrally-planned economy would be able to monitor supply and demand through increases and declines in inventories of goods, and advocated the nationalization of major industries. During his stay in the United States, Lange was an academic teacher and researcher in mathematical economics. Later in socialist Poland, he was a member of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party.

Czesław MiłoszW
Czesław Miłosz

Czesław Miłosz was a Polish-American poet, prose writer, translator, and diplomat. Regarded as one of the great poets of the 20th century, he won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature. In its citation, the Swedish Academy called Miłosz a writer who "voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts".

Zygmunt ModzelewskiW
Zygmunt Modzelewski

Zygmunt Modzelewski was a Polish communist politician, professor, economist and diplomat.

Piotr NurowskiW
Piotr Nurowski

Piotr Jan Nurowski was a Polish tennis player and the chief of the Polish Olympic Committee.

Edward Osóbka-MorawskiW
Edward Osóbka-Morawski

Edward Bolesław Osóbka-Morawski (listen) was a Polish activist and politician in the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) before World War II, and after the Soviet takeover of Poland, Chairman of the Communist-dominated interim government, the Polish Committee of National Liberation formed in Lublin with Stalin's approval.

Julian PrzybośW
Julian Przyboś

Julian Przyboś was a Polish poet, essayist and translator, one of the most important poets of the Kraków Avant-Garde.

Adam RapackiW
Adam Rapacki

Adam Rapacki was a leading Polish Communist politician and diplomat from 1947 to 1968. He started in the socialist movement but in 1948 joined the Central Committee of the new Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), and became a member of its Politburo. It had very close ties to the Kremlin. He is best known for his 1957 proposal for the creation of nuclear-free zones in Europe; it was never adopted. He maintained good relations with East Germany while warning against West German expansionism. Piotr Wandycz finds that he was well educated, cosmopolitan, pragmatic, liberal and ambitious, and imbued with a sense of patriotism and belief in cooperation with the left in Western Europe.

Marcel Reich-RanickiW
Marcel Reich-Ranicki

Marcel Reich-Ranicki was a Polish-born German literary critic and member of the literary group Gruppe 47. He was regarded as one of the most influential contemporary literary critics in the field of German literature and has often been called Literaturpapst in Germany.

Wincenty RzymowskiW
Wincenty Rzymowski

Wincenty Rzymowski was a Polish politician and writer. Rzymowski was one of the many faces of Stalinism in postwar Poland.

Albin SiwakW
Albin Siwak

Albin Siwak was a Polish politician, author of memoirs and a social activist. He held Stalinist and anti-semitic views.

Florian SiwickiW
Florian Siwicki

Florian Siwicki was a Polish military officer, diplomat and communist politician. He was a general in the Polish Army and Minister of Defense of Poland from 1983 to 1990.

Romuald SpasowskiW
Romuald Spasowski

F. Romuald Spasowski, once an ardent Communist and Poland's ambassador to the United States, is best known for having defected at the height of the Solidarity crisis in 1981.

Emil WojtaszekW
Emil Wojtaszek

Emil Wojtaszek was a Polish politician who served as the minister of foreign affairs of the People's Republic of Poland from 1976 to 1980.