WNational Bolshevism, whose supporters are known as National Bolsheviks or NazBols, is a radical political movement that combines ultranationalism and communism.
WEurasianism is a political movement in Russia that posits that Russian civilisation does not belong in the "European" or "Asian" categories but instead to the geopolitical concept of Eurasia. Originally developing in the 1920s, the movement was supportive of the Bolshevik Revolution but not its stated goals of enacting communism, seeing the Soviet Union as a stepping stone on the path to creating a new national identity that would reflect the unique character of Russia's geopolitical position. The movement saw a minor resurgence after the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of the 20th century, and is mirrored by Turanism in Turkic and Finnic nations.
WThe Foundations of Geopolitics: The Geopolitical Future of Russia is a geopolitical book by Aleksandr Dugin. It has had some influence within the Russian military, police and foreign policy elites and has been used as a textbook in the Academy of the General Staff of the Russian military. Its publication in 1997 was well received in Russia. Powerful Russian political figures subsequently took an interest in Dugin, a Russian eurasianist, fascist and nationalist who has developed a close relationship with Russia's Academy of the General Staff.
WThe Fourth Political Theory is a book by the Russian political analyst and strategist Aleksandr Dugin, published in 2009. In the book, Dugin states that he is laying the foundations for an entirely new political ideology, the fourth political theory, which integrates and supersedes liberal democracy, Marxism, and fascism. In this theory, the main subject of politics is not individualism, class struggle, or nation, but rather Dasein.
WThe French National-Collectivist Party, originally known as the French National Communist Party, was a minor political group active in the French Third Republic and reestablished in occupied France. Its leader in both incarnations was the sports journalist Pierre Clémenti. It espoused a "national communist" platform noted for its similarities with fascism, and popularized racial antisemitism. The group was also noted for its agitation in support of Pan-European nationalism and rattachism, maintaining contacts in both Nazi Germany and Wallonia.
WLehi, often known pejoratively as the Stern Gang, was a Zionist paramilitary and terrorist organization founded by Avraham ("Yair") Stern in Mandatory Palestine. Its avowed aim was to evict the British authorities from Palestine by use of violence, allowing unrestricted immigration of Jews and the formation of a Jewish state, a "new totalitarian Hebrew republic". It was initially called the National Military Organization in Israel, upon being founded in August 1940, but was renamed Lehi one month later. The group referred to its members as terrorists and admitted to having carried out terrorist attacks.
WLimonov is a 2011 biographical novel by the French writer and journalist Emmanuel Carrère. The book is based on the life of Eduard Limonov, a Russian politician and opposition figure, as well as a poet and novelist.
WThe Parti Communautaire Européen (PCE) was a pan-European nationalist political party based in Belgium that had a platform similar to National Bolshevism.
WThe Parti communautaire national-européen (PCN) is a Belgium-based political organisation led by Luc Michel, a former member of the neo-Nazi FANE party. A largely National Bolshevik movement, it also has activists in France.
WThe Popular Resistance Association is a Russian national anarchist political organization. Founded in 2016 by a number of former activists of People's Will, NBP, Volnitsa and other movements
WThe Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine (PSPU) is a pro-Russian political party in Ukraine led by Nataliya Vitrenko.
WKarl Berngardovich Radek was a Marxist active in the Polish and German social democratic movements before World War I and an international Communist leader in the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution.
WSankya is a 2006 novel by the Russian writer Zakhar Prilepin. Sankya is a story about Sasha Tishin, member of The Founders - revolutionary organization, similar to National Bolshevik Party.
WThe All-Russian Social-Political Movement “Spiritual Heritage” also known as Spiritual Heritage or Spiritual Legacy was a left-wing nationalist party in Russia. Its orientation has been characterized as moderately “national-imperial” or as a “national-religious revision of communism”.
WWiderstand. Zeitschrift für nationalrevolutionäre Politik was a monthly magazine established in Germany in 1926 to advocate National Bolshevism. It was published in Berlin, under the editorship of Ernst Niekisch. Prominent contributors included Ernst Jünger, Friedrich Georg Jünger, August Winnig, and Joseph E. Drexel. The newspaper was shut down in December 1934. After a time in the underground, Niekisch was arrested and held in Nazi concentration camps from 1937 to 1945.