
Australia does not possess weapons of mass destruction, although it has participated in extensive research into nuclear, biological and chemical weapons in the past.

Australian Aboriginal artefacts include a variety of cultural artefacts used by Aboriginal Australians. Most Aboriginal artefacts were multi-purpose and could be used for a variety of different occupations. Spears, clubs, boomerangs and shields were used generally as weapons for hunting and in warfare. Watercraft technology artefacts in the form of dugout and bark canoes were used for transport and for fishing. Stone artefacts include cutting tools and grinding stones to hunt and make food. Coolamons and carriers such as dillybags, allowed Aboriginal peoples to carry water, food and cradle babies. Message sticks were used for communication, and ornamental artefacts for decorative and ceremonial purposes. Aboriginal children’s toys were used to both entertain and educate.

A boomerang is a thrown tool, typically constructed as a flat airfoil, that is designed to spin about an axis perpendicular to the direction of its flight. A returning boomerang is designed to return to the thrower. It is well known as a weapon used by some Aboriginal Australian peoples for hunting.

The 12 Pounder Rifled Breech-Loading Gun is a heritage-listed weapon at 72 End Street, Deniliquin, Edward River Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Sir William Armstrong and built from 1855 to 1864. It is also known as 12 Pounder Rifled Breech-Loading Gun (Armstrong), 12 Pdr RBL and 12 Pdr Armstrong. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 15 April 2016.

Deniliquin 75mm Field Gun is a heritage-listed former war memorial and weapon and now war trophy at 72 End Street, Deniliquin, Edward River Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed and built from 1904 to 1904 by Friedrich Krupp AG. It is also known as 75mm Field Gun and 7.5 cm Field Gun Model 1904. The property is owned by Deniliquin RSL Club Ltd. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 6 March 2015.

A waddy, nulla-nulla or boondi is an Aboriginal Australian hardwood club or hunting stick for use as a weapon or as a throwing stick for hunting animals. The first of these names comes from the Darug people of Port Jackson, Sydney. Boondi is the Wiradjuri word for this implement.

A woomera is a wooden Australian Aboriginal spear-throwing device. Similar to an atlatl, it serves as an extension of the human arm, enabling a spear to travel at a greater speed and force than possible with only the arm.