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Billy the Kid, also known by the pseudonym William H. Bonney, was an outlaw and gunfighter of the American Old West, who killed eight men before he was shot and killed at the age of 21. He also fought in New Mexico's Lincoln County War, during which he allegedly committed three murders.

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José Francisco Chaves was a nineteenth-century military leader, politician, lawyer and rancher from the New Mexico Territory.

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Mangas Coloradas or Mangus-Colorado, or Dasoda-hae was an Apache tribal chief and a member of the Mimbreño (Tchihende) division of the Central Apaches, whose homeland stretched west from the Rio Grande to include most of what is present-day southwestern New Mexico. He was the father-in-law of the Chiricahua (Tsokanende) chief Cochise, the Mimbreño chief Victorio and the Mescalero (Sehende) chief Kutu-hala or Kutbhalla. He is regarded as one of the most important Native American leaders of the 19th century due to his fighting achievements against the Mexicans and Americans.

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Patrick Floyd Jarvis Garrett was an American Old West lawman, bartender and customs agent known for killing Billy the Kid. He was the sheriff of Lincoln County, New Mexico as well as Doña Ana County, New Mexico.

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The Lordsburg killings refers to the shooting of two elderly Japanese American men named Toshiro Kobata and Hirota Isomura at an internment camp outside Lordsburg, New Mexico, on July 27, 1942. The shooter, Private First Class Clarence Burleson, was charged with murder, but he was later acquitted after testifying that he was following military protocol.

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Alexander McSween was a prominent figure during the Lincoln County War of the Old West, and a central character, alongside John Tunstall, in opposing businessmen and gunmen Lawrence Murphy and James Dolan.

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Tom O Folliard was the best friend of outlaw William Bonney, a.k.a. Billy the Kid. Both were members of the Regulators during the Lincoln County War.

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John Potts Slough was an American politician, lawyer, Union general during the American Civil War, and Chief Justice of New Mexico. He commanded the Union forces at the Battle of Glorieta Pass.

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John Henry Tunstall, born in London, became a rancher and merchant in Lincoln County, New Mexico, United States, where he competed with Irish Catholic merchants, lawmen, and politicians who ran the town of Lincoln and the county. Tunstall, who hoped to unseat the Irish and make a fortune as the County's new boss, was the first man killed in the Lincoln County War, an economic and political conflict that resulted in armed warfare, between rival gangs of cowboys and the ranchers, lawmen, and politicians who issued the orders.