
Yehuda Amichai was an Israeli poet. Amichai is considered, both in Israel and internationally, as Israel's greatest modern poet, and one of the leading poets worldwide. He also wrote two novels and several short stories. He was one of the first to write in colloquial Hebrew.

Aharon Appelfeld was an Israeli novelist and Holocaust survivor.
Devorah Baron was a pioneering Jewish writer, noted for writing in Modern Hebrew and for making a career as a Hebrew author. She has been called the "first Modern Hebrew woman writer". She wrote about 80 short stories, plus a novella titled Exiles. Additionally, she translated stories into Modern Hebrew.

Yocheved Bat-Miriam was an Israeli poet. She is unusual among Hebrew poets in expressing nostalgia for the landscapes of the country of her birth. Yocheved migrated to British Palestine, later to be called Israel, in 1928. Her first book of poetry, Merahok was published in 1929. In 1948, her son Nahum (Zuzik) Hazaz from the writer Haim Hazaz died in the 1947–1949 Palestine war. Since then she never wrote a poem again.

Israel Eliraz was an Israeli poet who won the Bialik Prize (2008), the Brenner Prize (2013), the ACUM lifetime achievement award (2003), the Nathan Alterman Award (2002), the Jerusalem Foundation-Jerusalem Municipality’s Belles-Lettres Award, the Israeli Council of Culture and Art Award, the Ministry of Culture and Sport Award (2009), and the Prime Minister’s Prize for Creative Work.
Mordechai Geldman is an Israeli poet, artist, and psychologist
Yoram Kaniuk was an Israeli writer, painter, journalist, and theatre critic.

Rachel Katznelson-Shazar, also known as Rachel Shazar, was an active figure in the Zionist movement. Her husband was Zalman Shazar, the third President of the State of Israel.
Amos Kenan, also Amos Keinan, was an Israeli columnist, painter, sculptor, playwright and novelist.

Admiel Kosman is an Israeli poet and professor of Talmud.

Abba Kovner was a Jewish Hebrew and Yiddish poet, writer and partisan leader. In the Vilna Ghetto, his manifesto was the first time that a target of the Holocaust identified the German plan to murder all Jews. His attempt to organize a ghetto uprising failed, but he fled into the forest, became a Soviet partisan, and survived the war. After the war, Kovner led a secretive organization that aimed to take revenge for the Holocaust by killing six million Germans, but he was arrested by the British before he could carry out his plan. He made aliyah in 1947. Considered one of the greatest poets of modern Israel, he received the Israel Prize in 1970.

Sami Michael is an Israeli Hebrew author, having migrated from Iraq to Israel at the age of 23. Since 2001, Michael has been the President of The Association for Civil Rights in Israel (ACRI).

Amos Oz was an Israeli writer, novelist, journalist, and intellectual. He was also a professor of Hebrew literature at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. From 1967 onwards, Oz was a prominent advocate of a two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Orna Porat was a German-born Israeli theater actress.

Dahlia Ravikovitch was an Israeli poet, translator, and peace activist.

Dov Sadan was an Israeli literary critic and politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment between 1965 and 1968.
Meir Shalev is an Israeli writer and newspaper columnist for the daily Yedioth Ahronoth. Shalev's books have been translated into 26 languages.

Shin Shifra ; is the pen name of Shifra Shifman Shmuelevitch, a poet, translator, writer, editor and literary academic. Shifra won multiple literature awards.

Dan Tsalka was an Israeli writer.

Abraham B. Yehoshua is an Israeli novelist, essayist, and playwright, published as A. B. Yehoshua. The New York Times called him the "Israeli Faulkner".

Avoth Yeshurun, also Avot Yeshurun, was the pen name of Yehiel Perlmutter, an acclaimed modern Hebrew poet.

Yizhar Smilansky, known by his pen name S. Yizhar, was an Israeli writer and politician.

Shlomo Zemach was an Israeli author, agriculturalist and early Zionist pioneer.