WLouis Philippe I was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 and the last French king. As Duke of Chartres he distinguished himself commanding troops during the Revolutionary Wars, but broke with the Republic over its decision to execute King Louis XVI. He fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy. His father Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans fell under suspicion and was executed, and Louis Philippe remained in exile for 21 years until the Bourbon Restoration. He was proclaimed king in 1830 after his cousin Charles X was forced to abdicate by the July Revolution. The reign of Louis Philippe is known as the July Monarchy and was dominated by wealthy industrialists and bankers. He followed conservative policies, especially under the influence of French statesman François Guizot during the period 1840–48. He also promoted friendship with Britain and sponsored colonial expansion, notably the French conquest of Algeria. His popularity faded as economic conditions in France deteriorated in 1847, and he was forced to abdicate after the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1848. He lived out his life in exile in the United Kingdom. His supporters were known as Orléanists, as opposed to Legitimists, who supported the main line of the House of Bourbon.
WThe July Monarchy was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting with the July Revolution of 1830 and ending with the Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X, the last king of the House of Bourbon.
WDuke Alexander of Württemberg was a member of the dynasty which ruled the German kingdom of Württemberg. To marry a daughter of the French king he agreed that their children would be raised in their mother's faith, thereby becoming ancestor of the Roman Catholic branch of his family.
WLouis Belmas was a French churchman and bishop.
WHygin-Edmond-Ludovic-Auguste Cavé (8 October 1796 – 30 March 1852) was a French attorney, journalist, and government official, as well as an occasional playwright and librettist, who often collaborated with Adolphe Dittmer under the pseudonym Jacques François de Fongeray. He is also sometimes referred to as Edmond Cavé. He is perhaps best known as the subject of a portrait by the French artist Ingres, which is on display at New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art.
WMadame Cavé was a French painter and drawing professor. Born Marie-Élisabeth Blavot and also known as Marie Monchablon in her youth, she married the painter Clément Boulanger and then, after Boulanger's death, Edmond Cavé—whom she also outlived.
WAlfred-Auguste Cuvillier-Fleury was a French historian and literary critic.
WLéopoldine Cécile Marie-Pierre Catherine Hugo; 28 August 1824 – 4 September 1843) was the eldest daughter of Victor Hugo and Adèle Foucher.
WBlanche-Joséphine Le Bascle d'Argenteuil, by her second marriage duchess of Maillé, was a French lady of letters and memoir writer. She has left highly interesting memoirs in which her legitimist convictions are shown not to affect the sharpness of her political analysis.
WMarie Christine Caroline Adélaïde Françoise Léopoldine d'Orléans was a French princess, artist, and, by her marriage, duchess of Württemberg (1837). Before her marriage she was styled Mademoiselle de Valois.
WEdmond de Talleyrand-Périgord, 2nd Duke of Talleyrand, 2nd Duke of Dino, was a French general of the Napoleonic Wars.
WCharles-Louis-Gaspard-Gabriel de Salviac, baron de Viel Castel was a French historian and diplomat. He was a great-nephew of Mirabeau via his mother, and the elder brother of Horace de Viel-Castel.