WSalamandra is a genus of six species of salamanders localized in central and southern Europe, Northern Africa, and western Asia.
WThe alpine salamander is a shiny black salamander found in the Alps from the Swiss-French border at the western end of its range through Austria to the Dinaric Alps at the eastern end of its range, at altitudes above 700 m (2,300 ft). The western Alps are inhabited by a similar species, Lanza's alpine salamander, in only one small area. No differences in length are seen between the sexes and the sex ratio is 1:1. Their life expectancy is at least 10 years. Unlike other salamanders, whose larvae are developed in water, the alpine salamander is a fully terrestrial species. Capture-recapture methods suggest that the species is very stationary; 12 m (39 ft) was the maximum observed distance travelled by one individual during the summer season. About 120 individuals per hectare were counted in most suitable areas with >2000 individuals/ha also observed, suggesting that this rather cryptic species is quite abundant.
WThe Corsican fire salamander is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found only on the island of Corsica as an endemic species. In former times, this species was known as a subspecies of the widespread but continental-distributed fire salamander, which may appear quite similar.
WThe fire salamander is a common species of salamander found in Europe.
WLanza's alpine salamander or the large alpine salamander is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae, found in France and Italy. Its natural habitats are forests, grasslands, and pasturelands, all of which are temperate. It is threatened by habitat loss.
WSalamandra longirostris, the Penibetic salamander or long-snouted salamander, is a species of urodelan amphibian of the family Salamandridae. It is endemic to the Penibetic mountain range in Andalusia, Spain. It was originally described as a subspecies of Salamandra salamandra, the fire salamander, but was raised to full species rank in 2009.
WThe near Eastern fire salamander, in Arabic arouss al-ayn, is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found in Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel. Its natural habitats are subtropical dry shrubland and forests, often near rivers and freshwater springs. It is threatened by habitat loss.
WThe North African fire salamander is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found in Algeria, Morocco, Spain, and possibly Tunisia. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, and caves. It is threatened by habitat loss.
WSalamandra atra aurorae is a subspecies of the alpine salamander Salamandra atra found in south-eastern Italian Prealps. It is often called the golden alpine salamander.
WSalamandra atra pasubiensis is a subspecies of the alpine salamander Salamandra atra found in south-eastern Italian Prealps.