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Thomas Nelson Annandale CIE FRSE was a Scottish zoologist, entomologist, anthropologist, and herpetologist.

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Thomas Algernon Chapman was a Scottish entomologist.

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James Duncan (1804–1861) was a Scottish naturalist. He wrotewith James Wilson Entomologia Edinensis: Or A Description and History of the Insects Found in Edinburgh (1834) in William Jardine's The Naturalist’s Library. Entomology, 7 volumes. Introduction to Entomology.: Comprehending a General View of the Metamorphoses, William Home Lizars, Samuel Highley, W. Curry, Junr. & Co. 662 pages. (1840). with William Jardine.Bees: Comprehending the uses and economical management of the honey-bee of Britain and other countries, together with the known wild species. Edinburgh London, W.H. Lizars; Henry G. Bohn. 602 pages. (1859).

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Rev Prof John Fleming DD FRSE FRS FSA was a Scottish Free Church minister, naturalist, zoologist and geologist. He named and described a number of species of molluscs. During his life he tried to reconcile theology with science.

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John William Scott Macfie DSc (Edin.) was an English entomologist, parasitologist and protozoologist,

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John Russell Malloch was a Scottish entomologist who specialised in Diptera and Hymenoptera.

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Sir Patrick Manson,, was a Scottish physician who made important discoveries in parasitology, and was a founder of the field of tropical medicine. He graduated from University of Aberdeen with degrees in Master of Surgery, Doctor of Medicine and Doctor of Law. His medical career spanned Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, and London. He discovered that filariasis in humans is transmitted by mosquitoes. This is the foundation of modern tropical medicine, and he is recognized with an epithet "Father of Tropical Medicine". His discovery directly invoked the mosquito-malaria theory, which became the foundation in malariology. He eventually became the first President of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. He founded the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.

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Andrew Dickson Murray FRSE FRPSE FLS was a Scottish lawyer, botanist, zoologist and entomologist. Murray studied insects which caused crop damage, specialising in the Coleoptera. In botany, he specialised in the Coniferae, in particular the Pacific rim conifer species.

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James Rennie was a Scottish naturalist.

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Adam White was a Scottish zoologist.

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Francis Buchanan White was a Scottish entomologist and botanist.

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Morris Young FES (1822–1897) was a Scottish naturalist and entomologist. He was the first curator of Paisley Free Library and Museum. Although his main interest was in Entomology, and in particular the rove beetles of the family Staphylinidae, he was however very knowledgeable in most branches of natural history as well as being a skilled illustrator and taxidermist. Before being appointed as curator of the museum he was a schoolmaster in Paisley. In the period before the opening of the Museum in 1871 he coordinated the collection of over 2000 beetle specimens as well as many hundreds of other insects and spiders, as Convener of the Entomology section of the Paisley Philosophical Institution. These collections were added to during the 25 years he was in post as Curator, and they are still in their original cases. During the Second World War Andrew Rodger Waterston worked on these collections.