WAncharius fuscus is a species of catfish in the family Anchariidae. It is commonly referred to as the vaona but this name also refers to Gogo brevibarbis. It is endemic to Madagascar where it is found in the eastern draining rivers. Its natural habitat is rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss. A. fuscus grows to about 30.0 centimetres (11.8 in) TL.
WBedotia madagascariensis (zona) is a species of fish in the family Bedotiidae. It is endemic to Madagascar, where found in rivers and lakes between the Ivoloina River and the Manambolo Creek. It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade, where it often has been confused with the related B. geayi. It is threatened by habitat loss. It was described by Charles Tate Regan in 1903 with Madagascar given as the type locality, Regan deposited the type in the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève and named the genus in honour of its director Maurice Bedot (1859-1927).
WBedotia marojejy is a freshwater species of fish in the Bedotiidae family. It is endemic to Madagascar and can be found in the Manantenina River. It is threatened by habitat loss. This species was described by Melanie Stiassny nd Ian Harrison in 2000 from types collected from the Manantenina River on the south eastern boundary of the Marojejy National Park, after which the species is named.
WStenogobius polyzona, the Chinestripe goby, is a species of goby native to streams and rivers on Madagascar and Réunion. Males of this species can reach a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) SL while females can reach 6.6 centimetres (2.6 in) SL.
WThe damba is a species of cichlid.
WThe damba mipentina is a critically endangered species of cichlid fish from turbid, shallow flood-plain lakes in the Betsiboka and Ikopa River basins in northwestern Madagascar. It has declined drastically because of habitat loss, overfishing and invasive species. It is part of a captive breeding program by public institutions like London Zoo and among fishkeeping hobbyists.
WThe kotsovato is a species of cichlid from northwestern Madagascar. As presently defined its range spans several river basins, but this could possibly include more than one species. It is threatened by habitat loss and competition from introduced species. This relatively elongate Paretroplus reaches about 16 centimetres (6.3 in) in length and is closely related to P. gymnopreopercularis, which it resembles. The specific name honours the French fisheries scientist André Kiener.
WPachypanchax omalonotus, the powder-blue panchax, is a species of Aplocheilid killifish endemic to Madagascar where it is found on the island of Nosy Be and in the Sambirano River basin and adjacent streams on the mainland. Its natural habitat is rivers.
WPachypanchax sakaramyi is a species of Aplocheilid killifish endemic to Madagascar where it is only known from Sakaramy and Antongombato Rivers with reports that it is found in several crater lakes. Its natural habitats are rivers and freshwater lakes. It is threatened by habitat loss and invasive species.
WParatilapia polleni is a medium-sized cichlid endemic to Madagascar. It is also a popular fish for display at public aquaria.
WParetroplus menarambo is a species of cichlid fish.
WParetroplus polyactis is a vulnerable species of cichlid found widely in fresh and brackish water in coastal regions and associated river basins in eastern Madagascar. It is the only Paretroplus found in the southern half of Madagascar, and one of only two found in eastern drainages. P. polyactis is threatened by habitat loss and overfishing. This relatively deep-bodied Paretroplus reaches 30 centimetres (12 in) in length. It shares a large part of its range with a cichlid from another genus, Ptychochromis grandidieri.
WPtychochromis grandidieri is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae endemic to river basins along a large part of the eastern coast of Madagascar, although it has been recorded as far as 100 km (62 mi) inland. Uniquely in the genus Ptychochromis, this species also occurs in brackish water. It reaches 21.3 cm (8.4 in) in standard length. It shares a large part of its range with a cichlid from another genus, Paretroplus polyactis. The specific name honours Alfred Grandidier (1836-1921), the French naturalist and explorer who, with Henri Joseph Léon Humblot (1852-1914), collected the type.
WPtychochromis insolitus, also known as the Mangarahara cichlid or joba mena, is a species of cichlid endemic to certain river systems in northern Madagascar. This critically endangered fish is threatened by habitat loss and competition from introduced species; after the last-known female was killed during a breeding attempt, its conservation received significant international attention as London Zoo launched a media campaign to identify any remaining individuals. A remnant population was discovered by aquaculture entrepreneur Guy Tam Hyock in 2013, and breeding programs in Madagascar and at Toronto Zoo have resulted in thousands of successful hatchlings.
WPtychochromis oligacanthus is a species of cichlid endemic in fresh water habitats in the western part of the Antsiranana Province in Madagascar. The population on the island of Nosy Be appears to be stable, but the mainland populations are threatened by habitat loss. It reaches a length of 25 centimetres (9.8 in) TL.
WRatsirakia legendrei is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae endemic to fresh waters of Madagascar. This species can reach a length of 17 cm (6.7 in). It is the only known member of its genus. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Ratsirakia, the name of which honours Didier Ratsiraka who was President of Madagascar from 1975-1993 and from 1997-2002 while the specific name refers to the French physician Jean Legendre who discovered the species while serving with French colonial troops in Madagascar.
WThe trondo mainty is a critically endangered species of cichlid endemic to the Onilahy River Basin in southwestern Madagascar. Its remaining range covers less than 10 km2 (3.9 sq mi) and it is highly threatened by habitat loss, fishing, and competition with/predation by introduced species. Another cichlid from the same basin, Ptychochromis onilahy, is probably already extinct. The trondo mainty reaches a standard length (SL) of 24 cm (9.4 in).
WTyphleotris madagascariensis is a species of fish in the family Milyeringidae that is endemic to Madagascar, where it is only known from underground waters in the southwestern portion of the island. This cavefish is blind and lacks pigmentation, and can reach a standard length of 8 cm (3.1 in).
WThe red-tailed silverside, or zona is a species of Madagascar rainbowfish endemic to the Mananjary River drainage in Madagascar. It is threatened by habitat loss and introduced species. It has often been confused with the related B. madagascariensis, which is common in the aquarium trade. In addition to meristics, the two can be separated by the exact colour pattern on their tail fin and the distinct red spot on the lower jaw of breeding male B. geayi. B. geayi was described in 1907 by Jacques Pellegrin from a type collected by the pharmacist and natural history collector Martin François Geay (1859-1910), who Pellegrin honoured with its specific name.