
The African banded barb, Angola barb, blue-barred barb or fire barb is a ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae.
The Algerian barb or Tunisian barb, is a ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Algeria and Tunisia.

Barbus ksibi is a doubtfully distinct ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in Morocco.

The blackstripe barb is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius which is widely distributed in West Africa where it is harvested for human consumption.

The bowstripe barb is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius. This species is native to Southern Africa.

Carasobarbus harterti is a ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in Morocco.

The clipper barb or Congo barb is a freshwater and brackish tropical fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae). Its native habitat is from Côte d'Ivoire through the Chad Basin to Nigeria and Cameroon. It was originally described as Barbus callipterus by Boulenger in 1907.

The Cunene labeo or Kunene labeo is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is native to Angola and Namibia.

The dashtail barb is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius which is found in the rivers of western central Africa from Zimnanwe and Namibia north to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Enteromius is a genus of small to medium-sized cyprinid fish native to tropical Africa. Most species were placed in the genus Barbus.

Enteromius ensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which occurs only in Angola.

Hamilton's barb, also known as the plump barb, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius.

Jae barb or Dja barb, Enteromius jae, is a species of cyprinid fish which like other sub-Saharan "barbs" was formerly placed in the genus Barbus, it has now been reallocated to Enteromius.

Labeo annectens is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is native to central Africa, where it occurs in several river basins, including the Congo River basin.

Labeo bottegi is fish in genus Labeo. It is known from Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia.

Labeo horie, the Assuan labeo, is a fish in the genus Labeo which is found in the Blue Nile and the White Nile, including Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga and Lake Turkana.

Labeo parvus is a species of fish in the genus Labeo from west and central Africa.

Labeobarbus aspius is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to the Congo Democratic Republic.

Labeobarbus batesii is a species of cyprinid fish from Africa that occurs in Cameroon, Chad and Gabon.

Labeobarbus cardozoi is a species of cyprinid fish found in the Congo Democratic Republic and Angola in Africa.

Labeobarbus compiniei is a species of cyprinid fish native to Gabon and the Republic of Congo in Africa.

Labeobarbus lucius is a species of cyprinid fish found in Angola and the Republic of the Congo.

Labeobarbus progenys is a species of cyprinid fish found in the African countries of Cameroon and West Congo, as well as a questionable presence in Angola.

Labeobarbus roylii is a species of cyprinid fish found in the Chiloango and the Kouilou river basins in Angola and the Republic of Congo.

The Pangani barb is a species of cyprinid fish.
Phreatichthys andruzzii, a species of cyprinid fish, is the only species of the genus Phreatichthys, and is endemic to Somalia. This cave-adapted fish is whitish and blind. It is considered to have evolved in the cave environment for some two million years. Its name derives from the Greek words phreasatos for spring, and ichthys for fish. It grows to a maximum length of 6.2 cm (2.4 in).

Raiamas batesii is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Raiamas. It occurs in the Dja River, Sanaga River and Nyong River in Cameroon where it forms part of a fishery.

Raiamas senegalensis is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Raiamas from western Africa east to the River Nile. It sometimes is found in the aquarium trade.

The redeye barb or Beira barb, is a widespread African species of freshwater cyprinid fish which is found from Uganda south to the Limpopo River and Incomati River systems in South Africa.

The rednose labeo is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. Other common names include Hunyani labeo, Manyame labeo, rednose mudsucker, and sailfin mudsucker. It is native to Africa, where it is distributed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

The Ripon barbel is an East African ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae. A huge barb, its maximum recorded total length is 90 cm (35 in).

The slender barb or longbeard barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which has a wide distribution from the Democratic Republic of the Congo to South Africa.

Spotscale barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which occurs in western central Africa from Cameroon south to Angola.

The straightfin barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. E. pleurogramma is sometimes included here, but while it is certainly extremely closely related, it appears to be a distinct cryptic species.

Threespot barb is a species of cyprinid fish in the large genus Enteromius. It has a wide distribution in sub-Saharan Africa from the Congo Basin east to the Indian Ocean coast of Tanzania and south to KwaZulu Natal in South Africa. It occurs in shallow water around river inflows or near swampy areas. It is a habitat generalist and also hardy, but it prefers vegetated areas. It feeds on insects and other small animals. It is often caught for use as bait by anglers fishing for tigerfish. It breeds during the summer rainy season when shoals of fertile adults migrate upstream when the rivers are in spate following rain. A single females may produce as many as 8,000 eggs.

The Zanzibar barb is a species of cyprinid fish.
Zigzag barb is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius which occurs in the Congo Basin, Okavango River, Kafue River and the upper Zambezi.