Hougang is a planning area and mature residential town located in the North-East Region of Singapore. The town is the most populous in the region, being home to 247,528 residents as of 2018. Hougang planning area is bordered by Sengkang to the north, Geylang and Serangoon to the south, Bedok to the southeast, Toa Payoh to the southwest, Paya Lebar to the east, Ang Mo Kio to the west and Bishan to the southwest.

The Aljunied Group Representation Constituency is a five-member group representation constituency (GRC) in the north-eastern and eastern region of Singapore. The opposition-held GRC consists of a large part of Hougang, Paya Lebar, Serangoon Gardens, the southern half of Serangoon North as well as a portion of Bedok and a very small section of Tampines. The five divisions of the GRC are Eunos, Bedok-Reservoir Punggol, Kaki Bukit, Serangoon and Paya Lebar. Aljunied GRC is currently led by the leader of the opposition and Workers' Party chief, Pritam Singh.

Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency is a five-member Group Representation Constituency (GRC) in the north eastern region of Singapore. The constituency encompasses the majority of Ang Mo Kio, Seletar Hills, the northern half of Serangoon North, a portion of northern Hougang, Jalan Kayu and a portion of Fernvale. The western portion consists of parts of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve, while in the northeastern corner, it borders the Straits of Johor with two reclaimed islands, Pulau Punggol Barat and Pulau Punggol Timor. The northeast also includes the Sengkang Floating Wetland.
Buangkok is a neighbourhood located in north eastern Singapore. Whilst its boundaries are vague, the neighbourhood is roughly spread across the Trafalgar and Compassvale subzones of the Hougang and Sengkang Planning Areas respectively, as designated by the URA.

Cheng San Public Library is a public library in Hougang, located inside Hougang Mall. It is the third library of the National Library Board to be located in a mall and the first to acquire and display works by local artists. It is near Hougang MRT station and Hougang Central Bus Interchange.

The Hougang Single Member Constituency is a Single Member Constituency Consisting of Hougang Aves 2,5,7 and Hougang Central located in the north-eastern area of Singapore. It is surrounded by Aljunied GRC in the south and east, and Ang Mo Kio GRC in the west. The SMC is considered a stronghold of the Workers' Party and is the longest-held opposition ward in Singapore; its current MP is Dennis Tan Lip Fong.

The Japanese Cemetery Park is a Japanese cemetery and park in Hougang, Singapore. It is the largest Japanese cemetery in Southeast Asia at 29,359 square metres, consisting of 910 tombstones that contain the remains of members of the Japanese community in Singapore, including young Japanese prostitutes, civilians, soldiers and convicted war criminals executed in Changi Prison. It was gazetted as a memorial park by the Singapore government in 1987.

The Kallang–Paya Lebar Expressway (KPE) is the third newest of Singapore's network of expressways. The southern (Kallang) section of the expressway opened first, on 26 October 2007, with the remaining section opened on 20 September 2008.
Kampong Lorong Buangkok is a village located in Buangkok in Hougang, Singapore. Built in 1956, it is the last surviving kampong located on Singapore Island in the 21st century. A wide canal ran alongside the kampong, which links to Sungei Punggol that drains into the eastern Straits of Johor.

Kovan is a neighbourhood located within the town of Hougang, in the North-East Region of Singapore. The neighbourhood today largely consists of private housing properties, where majority of the residents live in terrace homes, semi-detached houses and bungalows.

The Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency is a five-member Group Representation Constituency (GRC) located in the central, eastern and north-eastern areas of Singapore. The constituency consists of a section of Bedok, Chai Chee, Geylang, Kaki Bukit, Kallang, Kembangan, Marine Parade, Mountbatten, Ubi, Serangoon and Hougang. There are a total of 5 divisions in this GRC: Marine Parade, Geylang Serai, Braddell Heights, Joo Chiat and Kembangan-Chai Chee.

Pasir Ris–Punggol Group Representation Constituency is a five-member Group Representation Constituency (GRC) in the north-eastern region of Singapore. The constituency currently consists of Pasir Ris and parts of the Punggol town area. There are a total of 5 divisions in the GRC. They are Pasir Ris Central, Pasir Ris West, Pasir Ris East, Punggol Shore and Punggol Coast.
Punggol Park is a park located in Hougang, in the north-eastern part of Singapore. The park is 16 hectares in size, with a 5 ha lake. Kite flying is not allowed here due to the proximity of Paya Lebar Air Base.
Sungei Punggol is a river located within the North-East Region in Singapore.

Sungei Serangoon is a river in the north-eastern part of Singapore. The 8-kilometre river starts as a canal near Tampines Road, and flows through Hougang, where it is joined by tributary Sungei Pinang just before Sengkang, before flowing towards Lorong Halus, where it is joined by another tributary Sungei Blukar, before emptying into the Serangoon Harbour. The river is also known as the Serangoon Estuary. Since 2011, the river has been converted into a reservoir - Serangoon Reservoir.