
Astara is a city in and the capital of the Astara Rayon of Azerbaijan. Astara is a short walk across the border from Astara, Iran.

Baku is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located 28 metres (92 ft) below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. At the beginning of 2009, Baku's urban population was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25% of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is the sole metropolis in Azerbaijan.

Dübəndi is an Azerbaijan port and place of settlement on the Caspian Sea and oil depot, approximately 50 km northeast from Baku.

Ələt is a settlement and municipality in Baku, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 12,765. The municipality consists of the settlements of Ələt, Pirsaat, Baş Ələt, Yeni Ələt, Qarakosa, Kotal, and Şıxlar.

Lankaran is a city in Azerbaijan, on the coast of the Caspian Sea, near the southern border with Iran. It has a population of 226,799 (2018). It is next to, but independent of, Lankaran rayon. The city forms a distinct first-order division of Azerbaijan.

Sanqaçal is a settlement and municipality in Baku, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 4,108.

Sumgait is the third-largest city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, about 31 kilometres away from the capital, Baku. The city has a population of around 265,000, making it the third-largest city in Azerbaijan after the capital Baku and the city of Ganja. The city has a territory of 83 square kilometres (32 sq mi). It was founded on November 22, 1949. Two settlements are within the city administration: Jorat and Haji Zeynalabdin; a settlement named after oil businessman and philanthropist Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev. It is home to Sumqayit State University.