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Equatorial Guinea is divided into two regions and eight provinces. The newest province is Djibloho, created in 2017 with its headquarters at Ciudad de la Paz, the country's future capital.

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Annobón, also spelled Anabon and formerly as Anno Bom and Annabona, is a province of Equatorial Guinea consisting of the island of Annobón and its associated islets in the Gulf of Guinea. It is the only island of the country located in the Southern Hemisphere of the Atlantic Ocean. The provincial capital is San Antonio de Palé on the north side of the island; the other town is Mabana, formerly known as San Pedro. The roadstead is relatively safe, and some passing vessels take advantage of it in order to obtain water and fresh provisions, of which Annobon has offered an abundant supply. However, there is no regular shipping service to the rest of Equatorial Guinea, and ships call as infrequently as every few months. According to the 2015 census it had 5,314 inhabitants, a small population increase from the 5,008 registered by the 2001 census. The official language is Spanish but most of the inhabitants speak a creole form of Portuguese. The island's main industries are fishing and forestry.

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Bioko Norte is the most populated of the seven provinces of Equatorial Guinea. Both the provincial capital, Rebola, and the national capital, Malabo are located here. Heavily forested with little urban development, the southern central part includes part of the Parque Nacional del Pico Basilé, a 330 square kilometres (130 sq mi) national park which was established in 2000. On the northeast coast is a hotel run by the Sofitel chain.

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Bioko Sur is a province of Equatorial Guinea. Its capital is Luba. It occupies the southern part of the island of Bioko, the remainder of which is part of Bioko Norte.

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Centro Sur is a province of Equatorial Guinea. Its capital is Evinayong.

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Djibloho, officially the Administrative City of Djibloho, is the newest province of Equatorial Guinea, formally established by law in 2017. The administrative city was initially carved out of Añisok, a district in Wele-Nzas, on 1 August 2015, and was created to eventually replace Malabo as Equatorial Guinea's future national capital.

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Kié-Ntem is a province of Equatorial Guinea. Its capital is Ebebiyín.

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Litoral is the most populous province of Equatorial Guinea, recording a population of 367,348 in the 2015 national census. Its capital is Bata; the other two cities are Mbini and Kogo.

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Wele-Nzas Province is a province in the eastern portion of continental Equatorial Guinea. Its capital is Mongomo. It borders the Equatoguinean provinces of Centro Sur to the west and Kié-Ntem to the north, with Gabon's Woleu-Ntem Province to the east and south. As of 2015, the population of Wele-Nzas was 192,017.